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A university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic degrees at all levels (bachelor, master, and doctorate) in a variety of subjects. A university provides both tertiary and quaternary education. The word university is derived from the Latin universitas, meaning corporation, since the first medieval European universities were simply groups of scholars.

History


Because of the above definition, there is some controversy regarding what is the world's oldest university. If we consider university simply as a higher education institution, then it is Shangyang, which originated before the 21st century BC in China. In the western world, the choice is between Takshashila, Nalanda and Al-Azhar University. If we consider the original meaning of the word (from the latin "universitas": a corporation of students), then universities are a medieval European phenomenon and the oldest university is the University of Bologna in northern Italy (founded in 1088 and known as "Alma Mater Studiorum").

Students at Takshashila University, founded in Taxila (Pakistan) from around the 7th century BC, were given academic titles after graduating from one of its many courses. Nalanda University, founded in Bihar (India) from around the 5th century BC, also gave academic titles to its graduates, while also offering post-graduate courses. Al-Azhar University, founded in Cairo (Egypt) in the 10th century, offered a variety of post-graduate degrees, and is usually regarded as the first full-fledged university.

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USATODAY.com College Hockey - Top Stories

Spartans serve notice with GLI crown
Fri, 07 Jan 2005 20:41:45 -0000
Michigan State's championship in the 40th Annual Great Lakes Invitational Tournament was significant for a few reasons. The first was that the Spartans beat the No. 6 team in the country (New Hampshire) and then the third-best team (Michigan), according to the USA TODAY/USA Hockey Magazine poll.
Wisconsin wins squeaker on home ice
Fri, 07 Jan 2005 20:39:31 -0000
Andrew Joudrey scored in the seventh round, giving No. 4 Wisconsin a shootout victory over Yale after the teams tied 1-1 Friday. Friday's game goes down as a tie for both teams; the shootout determined that Wisconsin will meet Ferris State for the Badger Shootout title and Yale will face Clarkson for third place.
Michigan St. upends No. 3 Michigan in overtime
Sat, 01 Jan 2005 07:11:28 -0000
Colton Fretter had the puck and an open net in front of him in overtime. So he did the natural thing: He slammed the puck into the net. Fretter's goal 9:24 into the extra period gave Michigan State a 2-1 win over Michigan and the Great Lakes Invitational Tournament championship Thursday night at Joe Louis Arena.
BGSU's Sigalet battling MS for Hobey contention
Mon, 13 Dec 2004 22:25:35 -0000
Bowling Green senior goaltender Jordan Sigalet revealed on Saturday that he has been suffering from multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, since being diagnosed in early March. The native of Surrey, B.C., has missed only three games because of the disease.
Roundup: Mankato comes back on Wisconsin
Sat, 11 Dec 2004 19:33:02 -0000
Minnesota State, Mankato, rallied to nip No. 3 Wisconsin 4-3 in overtime on Friday. David Backes' second goal of the game 72 seconds into OT won it after Adam Gerlach had tied it for Mankato at 17:20 of the third period.
Roundup: Minnesota, Wisconsin win; tie in Providence
Mon, 06 Dec 2004 23:45:58 -0000
Minnesota and Wisconsin won their Saturday ice matches, with the Gophers scoring on four of six power plays en route to beating Colorado College 7-2 and Robbie Earl's third-period goal lifting the Badgers past Minnesota Duluth 3-2. Also, David Cacciola's 60 saves helped Providence tie Boston College 1-1.

 
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