population_census_year = 2001
population_density = 985
population_densitymi² = 2,551
population_density_rank = 11th
GDP_PPP_year = 2005
GDP_PPP = $305.6 billion
GDP_PPP_rank = 31st
GDP_PPP_per_capita = $2,011
GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 143rd
HDI_year = 2003
HDI = 0.520
HDI_rank = 139th
HDI_category = medium
sovereignty_type = Independence
sovereignty_note = From Pakistan
established_event1 = Declared
established_event2 = Victory Day
established_date1 =March 26 1971
established_date2 = December 16 1971
currency = Taka
currency_code = BDT
time_zone = BDT
utc_offset = +6
time_zone_DST = not observed
utc_offset_DST = +6
cctld = .bd
calling_code = 880 - SubCodes
nationality = Bangladeshi
}}
Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is surrounded by India on all sides except for a small border with Myanmar to the far southeast and the Bay of Bengal to the south. Together with the Indian state of West Bengal, it makes up the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. The name Bangladesh means "Country of Bengal" and is written as বাংলাদেশ and pronounced in the official Bengali language.
The borders of Bangladesh were set by the Partition of India in 1947, when it became the eastern wing of Pakistan (East Pakistan), separated from the western wing by 1,600 km (1,000 miles). Despite their common religion of Islam, the ethnic and linguistic gulf between the two wings, compounded by an apathetic government based in West Pakistan, resulted in the independence of Bangladesh in 1971 after a bloody war, in which it was supported by India. The years following independence have been marked by political turmoil, with thirteen different heads of government, and at least four military coups.
The population of Bangladesh ranks eighth in the world, but its area of approximately 144,000 km² is ranked ninety-fourth, making it one of the most densely populated countries in the world. It is the third largest Muslim-majority nation, but has a slightly smaller Muslim population than the Muslim minority in India. Geographically dominated by the fertile Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta, the country has annual monsoon floods, and cyclones are frequent. Bangladesh is one of the founding members of South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), BIMSTEC, and a member of the OIC and the D-8.
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