Road running is the sport of running on a measured course over an established road (as opposed to track and cross country running). These events normally range from 5 km to long distance, such as half marathons and marathons, and may involve large numbers of runners or wheelchair entrants. Road running is part of group of road events known as "road races".
Road running may offer those involved a range of challenges and interests such as dealing with hills, sharp bends, varied surfaces, inclement weather, and involvement in a large group. Aerobic fitness, or the ability of the body to use oxygen, is important to help complete the long distance. Anaerobic fitness, the body's ability to respond when there isn't enough oxygen for the muscle, is helpful when encountering hills and providing energy for a sprint at the finish.
Running on roads, rather than dirt or grass, puts some stress on the knees and lower back, though it can provide an easy, even and fast surface, and puts less strain on the Achilles tendon*.
More on [ Road running ]

British Association of Road Races - A non-profit making organisation, ensuring that high standards and safety are maintained for Road Running and associated events in the United Kingdom.
USATF Road Running Technical Council - Oversees course measurement and certification in the United States. Features online manual, application form and searchable course database.
Meta Description: [ The USA Track & Field Road Running Technical Council (RRTC) oversees course measurement and certification in the United States ]
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